![]() ![]() His ideas had a huge impact on critical theory in the twentieth century and were particularly influential on post-structuralist philosophy and the development of postmodernism. Jacques Lacan (1901–1981), was a prominent French psychoanalyst and theorist. Often mixing different artistic and popular styles and media, postmodernist art can also consciously and self-consciously borrow from or ironically comment on a range of styles from the past. Often funny, tongue-in-cheek or ludicrous it can be confrontational and controversial, challenging the boundaries of taste but most crucially, it reflects a self-awareness of style itself. Because postmodernism broke the established rules about style, it introduced a new era of freedom and a sense that ‘anything goes’. It collapsed the distinction between high culture and mass or popular culture, between art and everyday life. While the modernists championed clarity and simplicity postmodernism embraced complex and often contradictory layers of meaning.Īnti-authoritarian by nature, postmodernism refused to recognise the authority of any single style or definition of what art should be. Postmodern art drew on philosophy of the mid to late twentieth century, and advocated that individual experience and interpretation of our experience was more concrete than abstract principles. It challenged the notion that there are universal certainties or truths. While modernism was based on idealism and reason, postmodernism was born of scepticism and a suspicion of reason. Modernist artists experimented with form, technique and processes rather than focusing on subjects, believing they could find a way of purely reflecting the modern world. ![]() It assumed that certain ultimate universal principles or truths such as those formulated by religion or science could be used to understand or explain reality. Modernism was generally based on idealism and a utopian vision of human life and society and a belief in progress. Postmodernism was a reaction against modernism.
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